IGFBP7 and heart failure: Plasma IGFBP7 protein concentrations were measured using Roche Cobas Elecsys assays in a chronic HF cohort that was sub-grouped into heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) (left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) > 50%) (n = 106) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) (LVEF < 40%) (n = 207), according to broadly accepted criteria, and non-HF controls (n = 98).