The following genes were assessed for their expression levels using real-time PCR in both the normal and endometritis-affected buffaloes: immune (TLR4, IL-8, IL-17, NFKB, SLCA11A1, and NCF4) and antioxidant (SOD, CAT, NDUFS6, Nrf2, Keap1, PRDX2, HMOX1, OXSR1, ST1P1, and SERP1). The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is endometritis.