While cilengitide showed minimal clinical efficacy as a single-agent therapy in melanoma [38], it has been demonstrated to reduce the invasiveness and vasculogenic mimicry of neuropilin-1(NRP-1)-expressing melanoma cells by inhibiting αvβ5 integrin and αvβ5 integrin/NRP-1/VEGF-A signaling [39]. Here, NRP1 is linked to melanoma.