TNF and pneumonia: A prior study indicated that a cocktail of proinflammatory cytokines (GM-CSF, IFNγ, TNFɑ) boosts CCR3 expression in human peripheral blood neutrophils from healthy donors (Hartl et al., 2008), and expression of these cytokines is highly induced during STm colitis (Figure 1F) and Ab pneumonia (Figure 2L).