The results indicated that TA could ameliorate renal interstitial fibrosis in DN mice through modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis, ameliorating impairments in the intestinal mucosa barrier, reducing the production and release of LPS, inhibiting the activation of NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 signaling pathway, and repressing renal inflammatory. This evidence concerns the gene CASP1 and liver dysplastic nodule.