HK2 and neoplasm: Some studies have shown that in TNBC, pyruvate kinase isozyme type M2 (PKM2) is suppressed through the EGFR signal transduction axis, and glucose phosphorylation is catalyzed by upregulating hexokinase 2 (HK2) to form a “glycolytic jam”, thus reducing the expression of INF-γ and IL-2, affecting T-cell function and contributing to tumor growth and immune escape (66).