BDNF and atrial fibrillation: While no significant changes in aggrecan (ACAN) were observed (Supplementary Fig. 2), miR-155-5p mimics caused a significant increase in BDNF expression (1.51 ± 0.23 fold change, p < 0.0001) and a similar trend in NGF expression under non-inflammatory conditions (1.77 ± 0.38 fold change, p = 0.141) in AF cells (Fig. 2c).