KRAS and lung carcinoma: Among the top 5 genes highly expressed in H441-BM cells from the RNA-seq, we selected HOXC10 in KRAS-mutant lung cancer bone metastasis for the reason that HOXC10 triggers metastasis in various malignancies, and it has been implicated as a pro-oncogene for malignant transformation.13,18,20,21 In agreement with the results of RNA-seq, the protein expression levels of HOXC10 were markedly increased in H441-BM cells (Fig. 1b).