Additionally, in the renal cortex, hyperuricemia amplifies the activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) system, fostering sustained vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles.130 In turn, leads to glomerular damage and the development of glomerulosclerosis.330 CKD is characterized by endothelial dysfunction and NO deficiency; thus, uric acid is a potential contributor to CKD progression. Here, REN is linked to hyperuricemia.