ABCG2 and gout: Among these genes, ABCG2 stands out as one of the most crucial and strongly linked to SU levels to the risk of hyperuricemia.167,171,179,180 A specific polymorphism (rs2231142) within ABCG2 has been identified, which reduces urate efflux activity and increases the susceptibility to both HU and gout.181 Notably, this variant is more prevalent in Asian populations compared to Europeans.180,182 Another important gene, SLC2A9, encodes a urate transporter and exerts a significant influence on SUA levels.