CTLA4 and neoplasm: To investigate this, we designed a multicenter, open-label study across tumor types to evaluate (1) the effectiveness of anti-PD-1 monotherapy in patients with CD8-high tumors and (2) the capacity of combined anti-PD-1/anti-CTLA-4 therapy to bolster CD8 T cell infiltration and elicit response in patients with CD8-low tumors.