In order to better analyze the associations between the pathological response, recurrence-free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) with neoadjuvant therapy in melanoma, the International Neoadjuvant Melanoma Consortium (INMC) pooled data from six clinical trials of anti-PD-1-based immunotherapy or BRAF/MEK-targeted therapy. The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is melanoma.