In addition, studies of renal fibrosis have found that stevioside can inhibit unilateral ureteral obstruction‐induced renal fibrosis in mice, and its anti‐fibrotic mechanism is related to the activation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma, which can increase the expression of STAT3 and TGF‐β1 mediated by nuclear factor kappa‐B and the downregulation of Smad blocks the Smad‐mediated fibrosis signaling pathway.28 Here, TGFB1 is linked to Ureteral obstruction.