In our study, we found an association of specific alleles (HLA-DRB1*08, HLA-DQA1*04:01, HLA-DQB1*04:02, and HLA-DRB1*11) with increased risk of JIA, which supports the idea that certain HLA alleles confer susceptibility to the disease. This evidence concerns the gene HLA-DQA1 and juvenile idiopathic arthritis.