GLI1 and brain cancer: Whereas our results indicated an inhibitory role of mTORC1 on Hh-pathway activity, an activating role has been demonstrated for mTORC2 in a model of the malignant brain tumor glioblastoma multiforme, where it was shown that high mTORC2 activity was associated with increased expression of Hh-target genes, including Gli1, because of mTORC2-promoted increased stability of the GLI2 protein (33).