NPPB and hydrops fetalis: For example, compared to EF ≥ 40% in modern treatment, those in EF < 40% who received modern HF therapy were younger (mean 64.2 vs. 69.1 years), more often male (77% vs. 73%), more symptomatic (42% vs. 36% in NYHA class III-IV), higher LVEF (60% vs. 68% LVEF < 30%), higher NT-proBNP (median 1972 vs. 1493 pg/ml), higher eGFR (75% vs. 71% eGFR ≥ 60), more device (ICD, CRT), and more ARNI (67% vs. 27%) (Supplementary Table 2).