The pooled analysis of all 24 studies (k = 27) revealed high between-study heterogeneity [τ2 = 0.91 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.56 to 2.15), I2 = 86% (95% CI 81 to 90), P < .001], with a significant difference between fasting vs insulin stimulation [χ2 = 47.39, P < .001; Fig. S3 (24)] Studies evaluating the effect of insulin resistance on BGM in a fasting state found BGM to be 0.47 SD lower on average [95% CI −0.73 to −0.22, k = 23, n = 3908, P < .001, I2 = 71% (95% CI 57 to 81); Fig. 1] in individuals with insulin resistance compared to control subjects. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Insulin resistance.