TGFB1 and Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Both human and animal studies have shown that administration of losartan in settings where TGFβ is elevated can result in TGFβ reduction with consequent functional effects: Inhibition of the TGFβ signalling pathway in preclinical models where TGFβ signalling is increased (Marfan's, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy) show improved skeletal and cardiac muscle outcomes (Cohn et al., 2007).