NOS3 and chronic kidney disease: Studies have shown that inactivation of Nrf2, either through direct knockdown in CKD or indirect knockdown of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in hepatocytes, exacerbated OS and impaired PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, contributing to the progression of renal and hepatic fibrosis (Sheldon et al., 2019; Ma et al., 2021).