PINK1 and Parkinson disease: PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) is an outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) kinase, whereas Parkin is an E3 ubiquitin ligase present in the cytosol, both of which are gene products mutated in Parkinson’s disease (Valente et al., 2004; Pickrell and Youle, 2015).