For instance, in the alcohol-induced OS state, low expression of dual-specificity phosphatase-1 (DUSP1) caused translocation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase component cullin-1 (CUL1) to the nucleus, leading to defective Parkin-mediated mitophagy and triggering hepatic fibrosis (Li R. et al., 2023). The gene discussed is CUL1; the disease is Hepatic fibrosis.