In comparison, Parkin gene ablation exacerbated premature aging, inflammation, and fibrotic lesions in diabetic nephropathy (DN) mice (Kehong et al., 2020); attenuated regeneration of damaged skeletal muscle and increase fibrotic area (Marcos et al., 2020); increased susceptibility to hepatic steatosis and fibrosis (Edmunds et al., 2020; Undamatla et al., 2023); and, unlike the former, inhibited over-activated mitophagy, exerting an anti-cardiac fibrosis effect (Song et al., 2015). Here, PRKN is linked to fatty liver disease.