MMP9 and colorectal cancer: Kassassir et al. [146] found that PMPs can be bound to colorectal cancer cells by transferring integrins, by stimulating the expression of integrin subunits already present on the surface of the colorectal cancer cells, and by stimulating the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in colorectal cancer cells through the p38/MAPK pathway, thereby increasing epithelioid and mesenchymal-like colorectal cancer cell mobility and invasiveness.