EGFR and neoplasm: Hence, the aims of this study is to validate EGFR and PD-L1 as specific biomarkers for OSCC and develop multispectral Nimotuzumab-ICG and Atezolizumab-Cy5.5 fluorescence imaging probes to quantify the dynamic expression of dual-target EGFR and PD-L1 from preclinical in vitro human OSCC cell lines, in vivo OSCC orthotopic mouse models, to clinical OSCC patient tumor specimens, and topical application as mouthwash in OSCC patients.