NLRP3 and diabetes mellitus: Additionally, there were significantly higher relative gene expression levels of both IL-1β and NLRP3 among MAFLD patients with diabetes mellitus or hypertension (n = 39) [21.69 ± 16.16, and 6.3 ± 3.13 respectively] when compared with non-MAFLD participants who have diabetes mellitus or hypertension (n = 19) [0.88 ± 0.18, and 0.99 ± 0.17 respectively], (p < 0.001 for both).