Thus, consistent with recent studies highlighting the role of TREX1 on antitumor immunity in different cancer contexts (20, 49, 50), targeting TREX1 represents a promising strategy to turn immunologically “cold” tumors, such as chemoresistant SCLC, into “hot” tumors, potentially enhancing the response to chemoimmunotherapy or ICB therapies and leading to long-term patient responses in this treatment-refractory tumor type. This evidence concerns the gene TREX1 and cancer.