Conversely, upon MIF deficiency or inhibition, asthmatic features, including eosinophil and neutrophil counts, airway hyperresponsiveness, airway smooth muscle thickness, levels of Th2 cytokines, and IgE titers, were found to be significantly reduced (Mizue et al., 2005; Kobayashi et al., 2006; Chen et al., 2010; Bozza et al., 2020; Lan et al., 2020). Here, IGHE is linked to airway hyperresponsiveness.