Targeting the ER-β/ANGPT-2/Tie-2 pathway with faslodex-enhanced RCC sensitivity to the TKI sunitinib treatment emerges as a promising therapy strategy.69 ER-β signalling has been implicated in inducing the VEGFa/HIF2α pathway as well.65 Infiltrating immune cells, particularly T cells, can modify ER-β expression and can promote RCC invasion. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and renal cell carcinoma.