This therapeutic approach, which elicits immunomodulatory effects on neutrophils, has been found to induce alterations in the expression of sex SH, particularly oestrogen, during the treatment in patients with mRCC.118 Notably, an intriguing observation emerged with the administration of TKIs sunitinib and axitinib, leading to increased expression and stability of ER-β in RCC cell lines.119,120. Here, ESR2 is linked to renal cell adenocarcinoma.