Pueraria radix flavonoids stimulate autophagy by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, reducing intracellular lipid accumulation and inflammation, while ginsenoside Rg1 modulates the PTEN-AKT pathway to mitigate NAFLD progress (146, 147). This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.