BAX and hepatocellular carcinoma: ADA has been shown to induce cell death in hepatoma cells by regulating the ratio of BAX and BCL-2 (Ocker et al., 2004), to impede proliferation in ovarian cancer via GOT1 inhibition (Wang et al., 2019), and to exert pronounced anti-cancer activity in prostate cancer cells by inducing DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis (Nong et al., 2022).