Since especially IL-6 seems to account for inflammatory induced graft degeneration (Sun et al., 2009; Ma et al., 2021; Meng et al., 2021), the observed effects of PPARγ activation in our model might be crucial for further studies to develop potential anti-degenerative therapies protecting CKD patients with bioprosthetic heart valve grafts from SVD. The gene discussed is PPARG; the disease is chronic kidney disease.