Neurotrophic factors not only promote the survival, growth, and differentiation of neurons but are also crucial for maintaining synaptic plasticity and neuronal signaling functions.342,343 In AD, key neurotrophic factors include NGF and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which exert their effects through specific receptors such as tropomyosin-related kinase (Trk) and p75NTR. The gene discussed is NGF; the disease is Alzheimer disease.