MAPT and Cognitive impairment: Inactivated NF-κB pathways in microglia may reduce the seeding and amplification of tau proteins in microglia, thus rescuing cognitive deficits in young PS19 mouse models, yet the accumulation of tau inclusions in neurons of aged PS19 mice warrants further investigation.250 According to recent studies, pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β may induce an increase in tau transcription in human primary neurons by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway in neurons.