Influence of histological growth patterns (desmoplastic vs non-desmoplastic) and molecular biomarkers like RAS alterations, BRAF and TP53 mutations, microsatellite instability and subsequent mismatch repair gene deficiency and circulating tumour cells were not included in analysis and is a strong limitation to our data [32, 33, 44–48]. The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is neoplasm.