TNF and inflammatory bowel disease: Furthermore, it should be taken into account that some immunosuppressive treatments used in IBD have different effects on cardiometabolic function, both beneficial in the case of aminosalicylates or anti-TNF-alpha and adverse in the case of corticosteroids so that interdisciplinary management should be optimized to provide personalized treatment depending on the cardiovascular function of each patient [14]. However, large-scale studies are indispensable to consolidate the evidence presented so far [79].