Additionally, studies suggest that high expressions of CYFRA 21-1 and IL-6 in tumor tissue (Huang et al., 2015), IL-17 surrounding tumor cells (Asukai et al., 2015), and the genes SDHAF2, MRPS34, MRPL11, and COX8A in cancer stem cells (Huang et al., 2022) are associated with a poor prognosis, thus offering novel prognostic avenues for exploration. Here, COX8A is linked to neoplasm.