APOE and Alzheimer disease: The mechanisms by which ApoE isoforms differently influence the development of AD have been related to their different roles in the accumulation of toxic Aβ species, the formation of amyloid plaques, the phosphorylation of tau, neuroinflammatory response, and brain utilization of glucose (Langbaum et al., 2009; Koutsodendris et al., 2022).