According to our preliminary data, several cancer cell lines derived from diverse tumor origins including colorectal adenocarcinoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and renal cell carcinoma showed cell apoptosis when ICAM-1 expression was abrogated (Supplementary Fig. S10), which emphasizes ICAM-1–FGG signaling as a general target for treatment of multiple cancer types. This evidence concerns the gene ICAM1 and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.