KDR and renal cell carcinoma: For example, anti-angiogenic TKIs targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), given with or without an immune checkpoint inhibitor, are the mainstay treatment for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC)[1, 2] However, resistance to TKIs remains a significant challenge given most patients with RCC who initially respond to VEGFR TKI therapy ultimately relapse [3].