VEGFA and thrombophilia: Additionally, TF is involved in intracellular signaling through G-protein coupled protease-activated receptors (PARs), present on the cell membrane of platelets, (sub)endothelial cells, and cancer cells.74TF-mediated PAR2 signaling induces pro-angiogenic factors such as interleukin-8 (IL-8) and VEGF,75, 76thereby contributing to several aspects of tumor progression such as migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and, potentially, hypercoagulability.