However, the improvement of MASLD symptoms with safe doses of IL-22 is limited, while higher concentrations of IL-22 may produce off-target toxicity (Pan et al., 2013) or induce cachexia, such as thymic atrophy and proximal tubule lesions (Liang et al., 2010; Park et al., 2015). Here, IL22 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.