No heterogeneity was detected for the impact of SGLT2 inhibition on T2DM, prostate cancer and PSA (P = 0.653; P = 0.844; P = 0.386), and no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy was found (P = 0.261; P = 0.384; P = 0.109) (Figure 2). Here, KLK3 is linked to prostate carcinoma.