INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: The peak change in MAP responses (Fig. 2A) decreases significantly in T2DM rats following insulin microinjection (Pre: 19 ± 7 mmHg, 1 h: 17 ± 10 mmHg, 2 h: 11 ± 8 mmHg in control vs. Pre: 35 ± 13 mmHg, 1 h: 21 ± 14 mmHg, 2 h: 11 ± 6 mmHg in T2DM, P = 0.008 for ANOVA group × time interaction).