2016), and is critically important for mammary morphogenesis and secretory function through specific regulation of epithelial proliferation, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix (Moses and Barcellos-Hoff 2011). Nevertheless, increasing evidence suggests that TGFβ signaling plays also an important role in malignant transformation in breast cancer, participating in cancer cell migration, survival and angiogenesis (Gupta et al. 2007; Moses and Barcellos-Hoff 2011; Chen et al. 2016; Ding et al. 2016; Zhao et al. 2018). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is cancer.