PHOX2B and Alzheimer disease: These indications include SCI (e.g., NLRP3 inflammasome cascade [149]), SNI (e.g., TSG-6/NF-κB/NLRP3 cascade [150]), ischemic stroke (e.g., NLRP3 inflammasome cascade [151], caspase-2 signaling [152], SIRT1/HDAC signaling [40]), Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (e.g., SIRT1-related cascade [153]), spina bifida aperta (e.g., Hand2/Phox2b signaling [154]), and brain ageing (e.g., CREB/BDNF/TrkB signaling [155]).