The affected signaling pathways include BMP-2/Smad1/RUNX2 signaling [144], SMURF1/RUNX2 signaling [145], and Angiopoietin-1/Tie2-NO signaling [146] during fracture treatment, c-MYC signaling [147] during OA treatment, and HIPK2/p53 signaling [148] during treatment of IDD. This evidence concerns the gene RUNX2 and intervertebral disk degenerative disorder.