AKR1C3 and neoplasm: Notably, the AKR1C3 and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 3 Family Member A1 (ALDH3A1) are the two important metabolic enzymes in cells that have been well demonstrated to be equipped with tremendous potential for driving the development and maintenance of drug resistance in tumor cells by directly metabolizing chemotherapeutic agents or their derived cytotoxic products such as reactive oxygen species [38, 54].