There is a unique and well-coordinated protein-protein interaction network between the transcription factors FOSB and p53, in which wt- or mut-p53 may guide FOSB to recognize and bind to distinct promoter sequences to transcriptionally activate the expression of specific target genes, thereby resulting in overwhelmingly opposite impacts on the progression and prognosis in NSCLC (Fig. 8). The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.