To test in vivo apoptosis induction, we treated the CRC mouse model with 2c, 2cNP, or Apt-2cNP and found a time-dependent increase in the RNA expression of pro-apoptotic genes (caspase 3 and Bax) and a decrease in anti-apoptotic genes (Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL) after 24 h and 48 h treatment (Fig. 6A). The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is colorectal carcinoma.