The aptamer selected for this study to target EpCAM receptor is a small single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) sequence that binds a large variety of EpCAM-positive carcinoma cells in vitro, including breast, ovarian, colon, prostate, and pancreatic carcinoma cells, but not to EpCAM-negative leukemia or lymphoma cells [16]. The gene discussed is EPCAM; the disease is carcinoma.