We also evaluated the immunophenotype and morphology of CD-associated small bowel dysplasias and found that CD-associated small bowel dysplasia showed frequent CLDN18 and gastric-type mucins expression, with rarely SATB2 expression, with both conventional (adenomatous) and non-conventional morphology which has been described in IBD-associated dysplasia in the large bowel [32, 33]. This evidence concerns the gene CLDN18 and inflammatory bowel disease.