Several preclinical studies have shown that mutant KRAS can induce the conversion of conventional anti-tumorigenic CD4+FoxP3- T cells to pro-tumorigenic CD4+FoxP3+ Tregs through the secretion of IL-10 and TGF-β via the MEK–ERK–AP1 axis activation in NSCLC, PDAC and CRC models,225,241,242 highlighting the importance of KRAS signaling in producing an immunosuppressive TIME. This evidence concerns the gene FOXP3 and colorectal carcinoma.