RALA and cancer: However, in most cancer models, RALA appears to be the predominant RAL isoform responsible for tumor progression and metastasis.82 Interestingly, some studies demonstrated a cooperative interaction between RAS and PI3K pathway to activate the RALGDS through PDK1.83,84 Once activated, RAL interacts with a spectrum of downstream effectors including RAC-1, CDC42 phospholipase D (PLD).85