KRAS and colorectal cancer: KRAS mutant tumors secrete IL-8, which enhances tumor inflammation and facilitates the recruitment of endothelial cells to the TME in several cancer models.257,291–293 These tumors also produce CXCL1 and CXCL5, which play roles in both the recruitment and proliferation of endothelial cells.294 Researchers have observed that mutant KRAS colorectal cancer cells exhibit increased expression of BCAM and induce upregulation of LAMA5 in endothelial cells.