EGFR and colorectal carcinoma: Compared to SMAD4, KRAS and NRAS gene mutations are among the most common genetic alterations in CRC, with KRAS mutations occurring at a frequency of approximately 35–45%71 and NRAS mutations occurring at a frequency of approximately 3–5%.72 These mutations are crucial in determining whether patients are suitable candidates for targeted EGFR therapy, and play a critical role in determining whether a patient is eligible for EGFR-targeted treatments.