The evidence strongly supported the notion that the administration of CEL or COT extract effectively improves abnormal lipid peroxidation by upregulating the expression of SOD, downregulating the production of ROS and LPO, and activating the nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor/heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf-2/HO-1) pathway to mitigate oxidative stress and inflammation in NAFLD (Kim et al., 2013; Shaker et al., 2014). Here, NFE2L2 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.