Various TAAs are studied in MM both in clinical, pre-clinical and in vitro setting, such as Mucin-1 (MUC1), Receptor for hyaluronan-mediated motility (RHAMM), B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) family, Wilms tumor 1 (WT1), X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1), syndecan-1 (CD138), CS1 (SLAM7), cancer testis antigens (CTA), Dickkopf-1 (DKK1), methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (MMSA-1), heat shock protein (HSP), telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and survivin. Here, DKK1 is linked to Miyoshi myopathy.