SDHAF1 plays a crucial role in linking the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain (39, 40), while SSH3 has been identified as a potential antigen for developing mRNA-based vaccines against balder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) and has been associated with colorectal cancer cell invasion and metastasis (41, 42). The gene discussed is SDHAF1; the disease is bladder transitional cell carcinoma.