Notably, complement genes (C1QA, C1QB, C1QC), apoptotic genes (PDL1, PDL2, APOL1, APOL2, FAS), inflammatory caspases (CASP1, CASP5), TLR pathway genes (TLR1, TLR4, TLR5, TLR8), cytokines (IL6, IL10), and granzyme (GZMB) were among the genes upregulated during symptomatic malaria (Fig. 1A). Here, APOL2 is linked to malaria.