PIK3CA and digestive system neoplasm: Dysregulation of the PI3K pathway, stimulated by various factors such as epigenetic alterations and environmental influences, is observed in gastrointestinal tumors, contributing to uncontrolled cell proliferation, survival, cell cycle progression, resistance to apoptosis, and chemoresistance (Chang et al., 2003; Danielsen et al., 2015; Papadatos-Pastos et al., 2015; Liu R. et al., 2020).